সংবিধান

Legal Dictionary

Bangladesh Legal Glossary

আইনি শব্দকোষ

66 legal terms in English, Bangla, and Banglish phonetic — a practical reference for understanding Bangladesh law.

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A

Acquittalখালাসkhalas

Court finding the defendant not guilty of the charges.

Actআইনain

Law passed by Parliament through the full legislative process.

Adjournmentমুলতবিmultabi

Postponement of a court hearing to a later date.

Affidavitহলফনামাholofnama

Written sworn statement used as evidence in court.

Allegationঅভিযোগobhijog

Formal claim that someone has committed an offence.

Amendmentসংশোধনীsongshodhoni

Formal change or addition to an existing law or constitution.

Appealআপিলapil

Application to a higher court to review and change a lower court decision.

Arrestগ্রেফতারgreftar

Police taking a person into custody on suspicion of a criminal offence.

B

Bailজামিনjamin

Temporary release from custody with conditions, pending trial or appeal.

Bar Councilবার কাউন্সিলbar council

Statutory body regulating lawyers and legal education in Bangladesh.

C

Caseমামলাmamla

Legal dispute brought before a court for resolution.

Cognisable Offenceআমলযোগ্য অপরাধamoljoggo oporadh

Offence for which police can arrest without a warrant.

Complainantঅভিযোগকারীobhijogkari

Person who files a formal complaint or case in court.

Confessionস্বীকারোক্তিswikarokti

Voluntary statement admitting guilt, valid only before a magistrate.

Constitutionসংবিধানsongbidhan

Supreme law of the country, establishing government structure and rights.

Contempt of Courtআদালত অবমাননাadalot obomanona

Act of disrespect or disobedience towards a court or its officers.

Courtআদালতadalot

Place where legal disputes are heard and decided by a judge.

Criminalফৌজদারিfouzdari

Related to crime and criminal proceedings under the Penal Code.

Cross-examinationজেরাjera

Questioning of a witness by the opposing party in court.

Custodyঅভিভাবকত্বobhibhabokotto

Legal right to care for and make decisions about a child.

D

Decreeডিক্রিdikri

Formal court order settling a civil dispute between parties.

Defendantআসামীasami

Person accused of an offence and brought before a court.

Defamationমানহানিmanhani

False statement damaging someone's reputation, punishable under law.

Divorceতালাক / বিবাহবিচ্ছেদtalak / bibahobichchhed

Legal dissolution of a marriage under personal or family law.

Dowerদেনমোহরdenmohor

Amount payable by husband to wife under Muslim marriage contract.

Dowryযৌতুকjoutuk

Property or money demanded in connection with marriage, prohibited by law.

E

Evidenceসাক্ষ্যsakkho

Information presented in court to prove or disprove a fact.

F

FIRএজাহারejahar

First Information Report — the initial complaint recorded by police.

Fraudপ্রতারণাprotarona

Intentional deception for personal gain, a criminal offence.

Fundamental Rightsমৌলিক অধিকারmoulik odhikar

Basic rights guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution (Articles 26–47A).

H

Habeas Corpusহেবিয়াস কর্পাসhebias corpus

Writ requiring production of a detained person before the court.

Heirউত্তরাধিকারীuttoradhikari

Person legally entitled to inherit property upon someone's death.

I

Indictmentঅভিযোগনামাobhijognama

Formal written charge against an accused person for trial.

Inheritanceউত্তরাধিকারuttoradhikar

Property and rights received from a deceased person by law.

Injunctionনিষেধাজ্ঞাnishedhaggya

Court order requiring a party to do or refrain from doing something.

J

Judgeবিচারকbicharok

Judicial officer who presides over court proceedings and delivers judgments.

Jurisdictionএখতিয়ারekhtiyar

The authority of a court to hear and decide cases in a particular area.

Juryজুরিjuri

Group of citizens who decide facts in a trial (not currently used in Bangladesh).

L

Land Deedদলিলdolil

Legal document transferring ownership of land or property.

Lawyerআইনজীবীainjibi

Licensed legal professional who represents clients in court.

Legal Aidআইনি সহায়তাaini sohayota

Free legal assistance provided to those who cannot afford representation.

Lienপূর্বস্বত্বpurbosotto

Right to retain possession of property until a debt is paid.

M

Magistrateম্যাজিস্ট্রেটmagistrate

Judicial officer with limited jurisdiction over criminal matters.

Maintenanceভরণপোষণbhoronposhon

Financial support a person is legally required to provide to dependents.

Murderহত্যাhotya

Unlawful killing of another person with intent, punishable under Section 302.

N

Non-bailable Offenceঅজামিনযোগ্য অপরাধojaminjoggo oporadh

Serious offence where bail is at the court's discretion, not automatic.

O

Oathশপথshopoth

Solemn promise to tell the truth, taken before giving evidence.

Ordinanceঅধ্যাদেশoddadesh

Law issued by the President when Parliament is not in session.

P

Pardonক্ষমাkhoma

Official forgiveness of a crime, granted by the President under Article 49.

Penal Codeদণ্ডবিধিdondabidhi

The Penal Code 1860 — the main criminal law defining offences and punishments.

Petitionআবেদন / দরখাস্তabedon / dorkhast

Formal written request submitted to a court or authority.

Plaintiffবাদীbadi

Person who initiates a civil case or lawsuit against another.

Pleaজবাবjobab

Defendant's formal response to charges — guilty, not guilty, or no contest.

Prosecutionরাষ্ট্রপক্ষrashtropakkho

The state or party bringing criminal charges against the accused.

Q

Quorumকোরামkorum

Minimum number of members required for a valid proceeding.

R

Remandরিমান্ডrimand

Court-ordered custody extension for further investigation.

S

Sectionধারাdhara

Numbered division of a law — the basic unit of legislation.

Sentenceসাজাsaja

Punishment imposed by a court upon conviction.

Summonsসমনsomon

Court order requiring a person to appear before it.

Suretyজামিনদারjamindar

Person who guarantees a defendant's appearance in court for bail.

T

Tortঅন্যায়জনিত ক্ষতিonnayjonito khoti

Civil wrong causing harm, for which the injured party can claim damages.

Tribunalট্রাইব্যুনালtribunal

Specialised court established to handle specific types of cases.

V

Verdictরায়ray

Court's final decision on a case after hearing all evidence.

W

Warrantপরোয়ানাporoyana

Court order authorising arrest, search, or seizure.

Witnessসাক্ষীsakkhi

Person who gives evidence in court based on what they saw or know.

Writরিটrit

Constitutional remedy application filed in the High Court under Article 102.

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Educational use only. Songbidhan provides legal information — not personal legal advice. The AI can make mistakes. Always verify with official documents and consult a qualified lawyer.

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